Which of the following can result from a lack of legal capacity in a contract?

A lack of legal capacity in a contract fundamentally means that one or more parties involved do not have the ability to enter into a binding legal agreement. This can occur for various reasons, including being a minor, mentally incapacitated, or under duress. When a party lacks the requisite legal capacity, any contract they enter into is typically considered void, rendering it without legal standing and unenforceable by either party.

This lack of standing means that the contract does not create any legal rights or obligations. Consequently, if the contract is void due to the lack of capacity, neither party can seek enforcement in court or hold the other party accountable. Thus, it correctly follows that contracts formed under such circumstances are deemed void contracts.

In contrast, enforceable agreements with penalties would imply that the contract is valid and able to be upheld, which contradicts the principles surrounding lack of capacity. Similarly, legitimate affiliations between parties and effective negotiations assume that valid and enforceable agreements can be reached, which is not the case if one party lacks capacity.